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Emanuel "Manny" Farber (February 20, 1917 – 18 August 2008) was an American painter, film critic and writer. Often described as "iconoclastic",〔Grimes, William (August 19, 2008). (Manny Farber, Iconoclastic Film Critic and Artist, Dies at 91. ) ''New York Times''〕〔Kiderra, Inga (August 21, 2008).(Obituary: Artist and Critic Manny Farber, 91. ) ''UCSanDiego NewsCenter''〕〔(Issue 40 Editorial. ) ''Framework''〕 Farber developed a distinctive prose style 〔 and set of theoretical stances which have had a large influence on later generations of film critics;〔 Susan Sontag considered him to be "the liveliest, smartest, most original film critic this country has ever produced."〔(Manny Farber, 1917 - 2008. ) GreenCine Daily.〕 Farber's writing was distinguished by its "visceral," punchy style〔 and inventive approach towards language;〔Hoberman, J.( Manny Farber 1917-2008. ) ''Village Voice''〕 amongst other things, he is credited with coining the term "underground film,"〔〔 and was an early advocate of such filmmakers as Howard Hawks, Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Werner Herzog, William Wellman, Raoul Walsh, Anthony Mann, Michael Snow, Chantal Akerman, George Kuchar and Andy Warhol.〔Polito, Robert. "Other Roads, Other Tracks" Introduction. ''Farber on Film: The Complete Film Writings of Manny Farber.'' New York: Library of America, 2009. Xv-Xxxviii.〕 Farber's painting, which was often influenced by his favorite filmmakers,〔 is held in equally high regard; he was dubbed the greatest still life painter of his generation by ''The New York Times''.〔 Later in life, Farber focused more on art and teaching. He often worked in close collaboration with his wife, Patricia Patterson, also an artist. ==Life and career== Manny Farber was born in Douglas, Arizona, the youngest of three brothers. His two older siblings, David and Leslie H. Farber, both became psychiatrists.〔〔 Farber attended UC Berkeley, Stanford University and the Rudolph Schaeffer School of Design. In the 1930s, Farber worked as a painter and carpenter, first in San Francisco and then in Washington DC. During this time, he attempted to join the Communist Party, though later in his life Farber was often critical of post-New Deal liberal politics.〔 His journalistic career began as an art critic, and in 1942 he moved to New York City and took a post as a film critic for ''The New Republic''. This was followed by stints at ''Time'' (1949), ''The Nation'' (1949–54), ''New Leader'' (1958–59), ''Cavalier'' (1966) and ''Artforum'' (1967–71). He has also contributed to ''Commentary'', ''Film Culture'', ''Film Comment'', and ''City Magazine''. He contributed art criticism to ''The New Republic'' and ''The Nation'' during the 1940s through 1950s. Farber left New York to teach at the University of California, San Diego in 1970. Reportedly, Farber traded his Manhattan loft to artist Don Lewallen in exchange for Lewallen's teaching position at UCSD after the two met at a party.〔 Once in San Diego, he focused on painting and teaching, and retired from criticism altogether in 1977. Originally an art professor only, Farber was approached about teaching a film class because of his background as a critic. He taught several courses, including "History of Film" and "Films in Social Context," which became famous for his unusual teaching style: he usually showed films only in disconnected pieces, sometimes running them backwards or adding in slides and sketches on the blackboard to illustrate his ideas.〔 His exams had a reputation for being demanding and complicated, and occasionally required students to draw storyboards of scenes from memory.〔 Farber retired from teaching in 1987, at age 70. Towards the end of his life, he found it difficult to paint, and instead focused on collages and drawings; his final exhibition of new work occurred just a month before his death. He died at his home in Leucadia, near Encinitas, California, on August 18, 2008.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Manny Farber」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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